Waste collection

A waste and recycling operation runs a mixed fleet of standard and specially certified trucks on collection rounds that end at one of several disposal or sorting sites, often carrying materials that can’t be mixed on the same load and that trigger real routing restrictions (weight, height, tunnels, hazardous goods).

What makes this vertical distinctive

Alternative disposal outlets — a collection round can end at any of several disposal sites, and the solver picks whichever keeps the route tightest.
Material changeover time — switching from one material to another that needs it (for example organic to glass) inserts a cleaning/setup pass.
Incompatible loads — clashing materials (organic and hazardous, for instance) are automatically kept off the same truck.
Heavy-vehicle routing (HGV profiles) — tolls avoided, dimensions and hazmat-safe roads respected for the trucks that need it.

Combined example

{
  "resources": [
    {
      "id": "truck-hazmat-1",
      "vehicleProfile": {
        "type": "truck",
        "grossWeight": 19000,
        "avoidTollRoad": true,
        "avoidTunnel": true,
        "tunnelCategory": "C",
        "shippedHazardousGoods": ["harmfulToWater"]
      },
      "capacities": { "weight": 9000, "volume": 20, "containers": 40 },
      "skills": ["hazmat-certified", "hoist-equipped"]
    },
    { "id": "truck-standard-1", "vehicleProfile": { "type": "truck" } }
  ],
  "orders": [
    {
      "id": "order-hazmat-site",
      "stops": [
        {
          "type": "single",
          "id": "stop-hazmat-site",
          "position": { "lon": 2.435, "lat": 48.84 },
          "kind": "delivery",
          "operationDuration": "PT15M",
          "tags": ["material:hazardous"]
        }
      ],
      "requiredSkills": ["hazmat-certified", "hoist-equipped"]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-organic",
      "stops": [
        {
          "type": "single",
          "id": "stop-organic",
          "position": { "lon": 2.465, "lat": 48.814 },
          "kind": "delivery",
          "operationDuration": "PT8M",
          "tags": ["material:organic"]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-glass",
      "stops": [
        {
          "type": "single",
          "id": "stop-glass",
          "position": { "lon": 2.443, "lat": 48.818 },
          "kind": "delivery",
          "operationDuration": "PT8M",
          "tags": ["material:glass"]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-round",
      "stops": [
        {
          "type": "single",
          "id": "stop-collection-round",
          "position": { "lon": 2.46, "lat": 48.854 },
          "kind": "pickup",
          "operationDuration": "PT25M",
          "capacities": { "volume": 18 }
        },
        {
          "id": "stop-disposal-alternatives",
          "type": "alternatives",
          "alternatives": [
            { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site-a", "position": { "lon": 2.447, "lat": 48.806 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT10M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } },
            { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site-b", "position": { "lon": 2.47, "lat": 48.842 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT10M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } },
            { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site-c", "position": { "lon": 2.435, "lat": 48.84 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT10M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "additionalConstraints": [
    {
      "type": "incompatibleStopTags",
      "stopTags": ["material:organic", "material:hazardous"],
      "name": "no-organic-with-hazardous"
    }
  ],
  "setupDurations": [
    { "fromStopTag": "material:organic", "toStopTag": "material:glass", "setupDuration": "PT12M" }
  ]
}

Alternative disposal outlets

order-collection-round’s second stop is an AlternativesStop (stop-disposal-alternatives) offering three candidate disposal sites; the engine picks whichever fits the rest of the route best, rather than the plan being tied to one fixed endpoint. This is the same AlternativesStop stop type used in Optional steps that gate a mandatory stop, applied here to a choice between equally valid endpoints rather than to gating a downstream stop.

Material changeover time

setupDurations adds a fixed duration (here 12 minutes) whenever a resource’s next stop carries material:glass right after one tagged material:organic — a cleaning pass triggered by the sequence of tags actually visited, not scheduled up front. See Plan-level fields.

Incompatible loads

additionalConstraints[].type: "incompatibleStopTags" forbids a single resource from ever carrying both material:organic and material:hazardous stops on the same tour — a hard rule, checked across the whole tour rather than stop by stop. See Constraints catalog.

Heavy-vehicle routing

truck-hazmat-1.vehicleProfile carries grossWeight, avoidTollRoad, avoidTunnel/tunnelCategory, and shippedHazardousGoods — the engine routes this truck only over roads that accept its dimensions, weight, and cargo, on top of the hazmat-certified skill required by the hazardous site. See Vehicle profiles.

Full payload

Full payload — ready to submit as POST /plans

The preceding example isolates the four mechanisms this vertical needs; this expands it to the scale of a real working day — a full fleet schedule (workingTimeWindow, departure, arrival), the complete objectives list, and enough stops to look like an actual round rather than a minimal illustration. Submit it as-is via POST /plans — the service assigns the plan’s id, so don’t include one of your own.

{
  "tz": "Europe/Paris",
  "resources": [
    {
      "id": "truck-1",
      "vehicleProfile": {
        "type": "truck",
        "grossWeight": 19000,
        "height": 380,
        "width": 255,
        "length": 1050,
        "avoidTollRoad": true,
        "avoidTunnel": true,
        "tunnelCategory": "C",
        "shippedHazardousGoods": ["harmfulToWater"]
      },
      "workingTimeWindow": { "begin": "2026-08-03T07:00:00Z", "end": "2026-08-03T17:00:00Z" },
      "departure": { "lon": 2.455, "lat": 48.832 },
      "arrival": { "lon": 2.455, "lat": 48.832 },
      "capacities": { "weight": 9000, "volume": 20, "containers": 40 },
      "skills": ["hazmat-certified", "hoist-equipped"],
      "tags": ["noise:low-emission"]
    },
    {
      "id": "truck-2",
      "vehicleProfile": { "type": "truck" },
      "workingTimeWindow": { "begin": "2026-08-03T07:00:00Z", "end": "2026-08-03T17:00:00Z" },
      "departure": { "lon": 2.455, "lat": 48.832 },
      "arrival": { "lon": 2.455, "lat": 48.832 },
      "capacities": { "weight": 7000, "volume": 16, "containers": 32 },
      "tags": ["equipment:standard"]
    }
  ],
  "orders": [
    {
      "id": "order-standard",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-standard", "position": { "lon": 2.47, "lat": 48.842 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1500, "volume": 3, "containers": 7 } }]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-hazmat-site",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-hazmat-site", "position": { "lon": 2.435, "lat": 48.84 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT15M", "capacities": { "weight": 300, "volume": 1, "containers": 2 }, "tags": ["material:hazardous"] }],
      "requiredSkills": ["hazmat-certified", "hoist-equipped"]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-organic",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-organic", "position": { "lon": 2.465, "lat": 48.814 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1200, "volume": 5, "containers": 4 }, "tags": ["material:organic"] }]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-glass",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-glass", "position": { "lon": 2.443, "lat": 48.818 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1000, "volume": 1.2, "containers": 3 }, "tags": ["material:glass"] }]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-direct-transfer",
      "stops": [
        { "type": "single", "id": "stop-pickup-site", "position": { "lon": 2.48, "lat": 48.827 }, "kind": "pickup", "operationDuration": "PT20M", "capacities": { "volume": 20 } },
        { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site", "position": { "lon": 2.425, "lat": 48.847 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT15M", "capacities": { "volume": 20 } }
      ],
      "successiveStops": true,
      "maxStopSpan": "PT45M"
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-round",
      "stops": [
        { "type": "single", "id": "stop-collection-round", "position": { "lon": 2.46, "lat": 48.854 }, "kind": "pickup", "operationDuration": "PT25M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } },
        {
          "id": "stop-disposal-alternatives",
          "type": "alternatives",
          "alternatives": [
            { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site-a", "position": { "lon": 2.447, "lat": 48.806 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT10M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } },
            { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site-b", "position": { "lon": 2.47, "lat": 48.842 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT10M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } },
            { "type": "single", "id": "stop-disposal-site-c", "position": { "lon": 2.435, "lat": 48.84 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT10M", "capacities": { "volume": 18 } }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-slot",
      "stops": [
        {
          "type": "single",
          "id": "stop-collection-slot",
          "position": { "lon": 2.465, "lat": 48.814 },
          "kind": "pickup",
          "operationDuration": "PT20M",
          "capacities": { "weight": 900, "volume": 3.5, "containers": 6 },
          "authorizedTimeWindows": [
            { "begin": "2026-08-03T06:00:00Z", "end": "2026-08-03T08:00:00Z", "resourceTags": ["noise:low-emission"] },
            { "begin": "2026-08-03T09:00:00Z", "end": "2026-08-03T17:00:00Z" }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-unloading-slot",
      "stops": [
        { "type": "single", "id": "stop-unloading-slot", "position": { "lon": 2.443, "lat": 48.818 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT20M", "capacities": { "weight": 1100, "volume": 4, "containers": 5 }, "authorizedTimeWindows": [{ "begin": "2026-08-03T08:30:00Z", "end": "2026-08-03T09:30:00Z" }] }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-0",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-collection-0", "position": { "lon": 2.47, "lat": 48.842 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1500, "volume": 3, "containers": 7 }, "tags": ["equipment:collection-point"] }]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-1",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-collection-1", "position": { "lon": 2.435, "lat": 48.84 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1500, "volume": 3, "containers": 7 }, "tags": ["equipment:collection-point"] }]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-2",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-collection-2", "position": { "lon": 2.465, "lat": 48.814 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1500, "volume": 3, "containers": 7 }, "tags": ["equipment:collection-point"] }]
    },
    {
      "id": "order-collection-3",
      "stops": [{ "type": "single", "id": "stop-collection-3", "position": { "lon": 2.443, "lat": 48.818 }, "kind": "delivery", "operationDuration": "PT8M", "capacities": { "weight": 1500, "volume": 3, "containers": 7 }, "tags": ["equipment:collection-point"] }]
    }
  ],
  "objectives": ["maximizeMandatoryStops", "minimizeResources", "minimizeWorkingDuration", "minimizeDistance"],
  "additionalConstraints": [
    { "type": "incompatibleStopTags", "stopTags": ["material:organic", "material:hazardous"], "name": "no-organic-with-hazardous" }
  ],
  "additionalOperationDurations": [
    { "resourceTag": "equipment:standard", "stopTag": "equipment:collection-point", "additionalOperationDuration": "PT5M" }
  ],
  "setupDurations": [
    { "fromStopTag": "material:organic", "toStopTag": "material:glass", "setupDuration": "PT12M" }
  ]
}

By industry

What makes this vertical distinctive

Combined example

Alternative disposal outlets

Material changeover time

Incompatible loads

Heavy-vehicle routing

Full payload

See also

​What makes this vertical distinctive

​Combined example

​Alternative disposal outlets

​Material changeover time

​Incompatible loads

​Heavy-vehicle routing

​Full payload

​See also

What makes this vertical distinctive

Combined example

Alternative disposal outlets

Material changeover time

Incompatible loads

Heavy-vehicle routing

Full payload

See also